Models Overview

EmpiricalTightBinding.jl provides a hierarchy of tight-binding models with increasing complexity.

Model Comparison

ModelOrbitals per atomBandsSpin-OrbitReference
SP3s, p8No
SP3Sstars, p, s*10NoVogl et al. (1983)
SP3Sstar_SOs, p, s* × spin20YesKlimeck et al. (2000)
SP3D5Sstars, p, d, s*20NoJancu et al. (1998)

Choosing a Model

  • SP3: Simplest model. Gives qualitatively correct valence bands but poor conduction bands (no indirect gap in Si/Ge).
  • SP3Sstar: Adds an excited s* orbital to fix the conduction band issue. The standard choice for most applications.
  • SP3Sstar_SO: Adds spin-orbit coupling. Required for materials with significant spin-orbit (SO) splitting (e.g., InSb, GaSb).
  • SP3D5Sstar: Adds d orbitals for improved accuracy across the full Brillouin zone. Best for quantitative work.